Groups we are part of, from family thru work to public and government, operate on a either a matrix or hierarchical structure or a mix of all points in-between.

While hierarchies have clear levels of authority and strong well-defined relationships between them a matrix structure will have multiple interactions and reporting relationships and is not rigidly organized around power and accountability.

For Example

The traditional family structure is very hierarchical.   It begins with  the male designated as the the head of household (top of the hierarchy), his wife second in command, and the children underlings.  The authority of the father was tantamount.

In most recent times this structure has multiple variations with the partners sharing authority and in some cases the progeny are even so independent as to live within their own silos organizationally speaking.

The traditional structure of layered well defined authority, where respect is more granted by dint of position versus being earned, has morphed overtime to a more flexible organization based on need.

Distinguishing Factors

Matrix structures tend to produce more creative and higher quality results.  The practices and outcomes defined by this type of structure demonstrate a greater degree of sustainability.

The downside of matrix organizations are a reflection of  the key benefit of the main plus of hierarchies, that is the ability to be nimble, make and enforce quick decisions.

Operating within a matrix structure can be harder to do and require greater individual effort from everyone within the organization but the results can be much more gratifying.